and what eats what among secrets revealed
The newfound scientific power to quickly "fingerprint" species via DNA is being deployed to unmask quack herbal medicines, reveal types of ancient Arctic life frozen in permafrost,[url=http://www.reebokshoesoutlet.us@#$%&/]reebok@#$%&[/url], expose what eats what in nature, and halt agricultural and forestry pests at borders, among other applications across a wide array of public interests.
The explosion of creative new uses of DNA "barcoding" identifying species based on a snippet of DNA will occupy centre stage as 450 world experts convene at Australia's the University of Adelaide Nov. 28 to Dec. 3,[url=http://www.toryburchoutletshoese@#$%&/]tory burch purses[/url].
DNA barcode technology has already sparked US Congressional hearings by exposing widespread "fish fraud" mislabelling cheap fish as more desirable and expensive species like tuna or snapper. Other studies this year revealed unlisted ingredients in herbal tea bags.
Hot new applications include:
Substitute ingredients in herbal medicines
High demand is causing regular "adulteration or substitution of herbal drugs," barcoding experts have discovered.
Indeed,[url=http://www.truereligion--outlet@#$%&/]true religion brand jeans[/url], notes Malaysian researcher Muhammad Sharir Abdul Rahman, one fraudster in his country treated rubber tree wood with quinine to give it a bitter taste similar to Eurycoma longifolia a traditional medicine for malaria,[url=http://www.timberland-pas-cher.fr/]timberland femme[/url], diabetes and other ailments.
A library of DNA barcodes for Malaysia's 1,200 plant species with potential medicinal value is in development,[url=http://www.hollisteruk.co.uk/]hollister sale[/url], eventually offering "a quick one step detection kit" to reduce fraud in the lucrative herbal medicine industry, says Mr. Sharir.
His concerns resonate in other countries around the true contents of certain brands of ginseng and other products.
"DNA barcoding" analyses of cylinders of sediment cored from Arctic permafrost ranging in age from 10,000 to several hundred thousand years have shed light on past animal and fungal distributions and allowed researchers to infer which plant species likely co existed.
DNA analyses of permafrost sediment 15,000 to 30,000 years old from northeastern Siberia revealed a grassland steppe plain during the glacial period supporting a diverse mammal community,[url=http://www.prom-weddingdresses@#$%&/]vintage wedding dresses[/url], including bison, moose and the DNA of the rare woolly rhino, the first ever found in permafrost sediments.
Says University of Oslo based researcher Eva Bellemain, who will present project BarFrost (Barcoding of Permafrost): "In the Arctic, fossils are scarce and time consuming to find and analyze. However,[url=http://www.@#$%&-airmax.it/]@#$%& air[/url], DNA is one tough molecule. It had to be in order to serve its purpose the last billion years and more. Incredibly, it can linger in soil for tens of thousands of years and stay relatively intact."
What eats what
The technology can even distinguish species contained in the gut or dung of animals, revealing what eats what. University of Adelaide researcher Hugh Cross, for example, will detail his investigation into the diet of Australia's fast growing, 1 million strong population of wild camels,[url=http://www.pradaoutletonlineb@#$%&/]prada shoes for men[/url], which severely impact the country's ecology.
Introduced in the 1800s as pack animals, Australia's wild camels eat an estimated 80% of available plant species in their range. Now they can process stomach contents and dung samples to get the complete picture in a few hours."Until now,[url=http://www.moncler-outlet.it/]moncler sito ufficiale[/url], border inspection to keep agricultural pests, disease carrying insects and invasive species from entering a country has been a hit and miss effort. Barcoding offers a tool to get same day answers for accepting or rejecting imports, an issue of acute economic importance to Australia and New Zealand.
With the new DNA barcode tool, inspectors can more easily and surely identify and thus prevent the entry of invading pests including bacteria, fungi, fruit flies,[url=http://www.moncleroutlet-jackets@#$%&/]moncler uk[/url], other insects, nematodes, viruses, plants and other organisms. Trade of timber cut from endangered species may also be slowed with barcodes to identify wood and lumber products.
Hundreds of topics in Adelaide
"From tea to tuna, DNA identification is entering everyday life," remarked Jesse Ausubel, chair of the International Barcode of Life (iBOL) initiative, a 6 year program now in midstream of a group of the most active labs building the barcode library.
Adds Dr. Schindel: "Like Google and Wikipedia, DNA barcoding scarcely existed a decade ago, and now we are a vibrant community built on 21st century scientific tools."
"DNA barcoding is the express lane to solving many of Nature's mysteries relevant to a spectrum of national interests."
He notes that scores of additional topics will be explored in Adelaide, spanning health, cultural and environmental protection, such as:

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